White crystalline powder with barely perceptile out and acid taste. Soluble in hot water, slightly soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol\acetone\aether.
The significance of amino acid metabolism
1 Glutamate involved in glutamate dehydrogenase as the center of the joint deamination (glutamate is deaminated).
2 In blood ammonia transit, glutamate and glutamine synthetase catalytic ammonia combine to generate glutamine. Glutamine neutral, non-toxic, easily through the cell membrane, is the main form of transport ammonia.
3 Glucose alanine cycle pathway in muscle glutamate dehydrogenase catalyzed with ammonia α- ketoglutarate to form glutamate, glutamic acid and then followed with alanine aminotransferase in the catalytic pyruvate formed α- ketoglutarate and alanine.
4 In a biological active substance in the metabolic pathway, excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate itself, in the brain, spinal cord widespread, γ- amino acid glutamic acid is formed by decarboxylation of an inhibitory neurotransmitter, in the biological body widespread.
5 In the amino acid biosynthetic pathway, glutamate is glutamine, proline, arginine, lysine important precursor.
6. Ornithine cycle (urea synthesis) pathway, the mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase glutamate amino off, for the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate provided free of ammonia; cytoplasm of the aspartate aminotransferase transferred to the amino group of glutamate oxaloacetate oxaloacetate is further formed into the ornithine cycle aspartic, glutamic second cyclic amino group indirectly.
The significance of amino acid metabolism
1 Glutamate involved in glutamate dehydrogenase as the center of the joint deamination (glutamate is deaminated).
2 In blood ammonia transit, glutamate and glutamine synthetase catalytic ammonia combine to generate glutamine. Glutamine neutral, non-toxic, easily through the cell membrane, is the main form of transport ammonia.
3 Glucose alanine cycle pathway in muscle glutamate dehydrogenase catalyzed with ammonia α- ketoglutarate to form glutamate, glutamic acid and then followed with alanine aminotransferase in the catalytic pyruvate formed α- ketoglutarate and alanine.
4 In a biological active substance in the metabolic pathway, excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate itself, in the brain, spinal cord widespread, γ- amino acid glutamic acid is formed by decarboxylation of an inhibitory neurotransmitter, in the biological body widespread.
5 In the amino acid biosynthetic pathway, glutamate is glutamine, proline, arginine, lysine important precursor.
6. Ornithine cycle (urea synthesis) pathway, the mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase glutamate amino off, for the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate provided free of ammonia; cytoplasm of the aspartate aminotransferase transferred to the amino group of glutamate oxaloacetate oxaloacetate is further formed into the ornithine cycle aspartic, glutamic second cyclic amino group indirectly.